Friday, April 29, 2011

Types of Poetry

Narrative: A type of poem that tells a story
Example:
From noiseful arms, and acts of prowess done
In tournament or tilt, Sir Percivale,
Whom Arthur and his knighthood called The Pure,
Had passed into the silent life of prayer,
Praise, fast, and alms; and leaving for the cowl

The helmet in an abbey far away
From Camelot, there, and not long after, died.

~from The Holy Grail by Alfred Tennyson~


Ballads: A narrative poem that is like a folk tale and also can be sung as a song.
Example:
Oh the ocean waves may roll,
And the stormy winds may blow,
While we poor sailors go skipping aloft
And the land lubbers lay down below, below, below
And the land lubbers lay down below.
~The Mermaid~


Epic: A long narrative poem that talks about a hero or heroine.
Example:
“Tell me, O muse, of that ingenious hero who travelled far and wide after he had sacked the famous town of Troy. Many cities did he visit, and many were the nations with whose manners and customs he was acquainted; moreover he suffered much by sea while trying to save his own life and bring his men safely home; but do what he might he could not save his men, for they perished through their own sheer folly in eating the cattle of the Sun-god Hyperion; so the god prevented them from ever reaching home. Tell me, too, about all these things, O daughter of Jove, from whatsoever source you may know them.”
~from the Odyssey by Homer~
Lyric: A short non-narrative poem that has a single speaker talking about their moods, feelings,...
Example:
I heard a fly buzz when I died;
The stillness round my form
Was like the stillness in the air
Between the heaves of storm.
~Dying by Emily Dickinson~

Sonnet: A kind of poem that has 14 lines and is originated in Europe.
Example:


From fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decease,
His tender heir might bear his memory:
But thou contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies,
Thy self thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel:
Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament,
And only herald to the gaudy spring,
Within thine own bud buriest thy content,
And tender churl mak'st waste in niggarding:
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.
~by Shakespeere~
Odes: A lyric poem that is written for a specific subject and is written in a structure.
Example:
Just as Walt Whitman would say,
if he were with me today.....
There is a "Song of Myself",
A song that sings of my internal wealth.
A child of God, and also
able to make a friend out of every foe.
For I have true love inside
Any egotisms have surely died.
The beautiful song that strives to be heard
this song is clearer than any songbird.
There is no reason to feel pity
for my God and his love is always with me.
And I will try to learn as much as I should,
knowing that there are no problems,
just oppurtunities to be good.
~Ode to Myself~
Elegies: A poem that mourns the dead.
Example:
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea,
The ploughman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me.

~by Thomas Gray~

Free Verse: A poem that does not rhyme or follow a pattern of meter.
Example:
I celebrate myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.
I loaf and invite my soul,
I lean and loaf at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.
~Song of Myself by Walt Whitman~

Lines

Lines

Definition: A number of words that line up in a poem.

Example:
Imagine if your precious nose <-- Line 1
were sandwiched in between your toes, <---- Line 2
that clearly would not be a treat, <-- line 3
for you'd be forced to smell your feet. <--- line 4
~ Be Glad Your Nose is on Your Face by Jack prelutsky~


Significance: Lines can help separate ideas. Usually in poems, the number of lines are labeled, so it is easier to find what you are looking for or to make a reference.

Symbol

Symbol

Definition: Something that represents an idea

Example:
RED - blood
GOLD - wealthy


Significance: Symbol can make a poem more interesting by letting the reader find hidden meanings.

Onomatopoeia

Onomatopoeia


Definition: Words that sound like sound.

Example: Buzz, Cuckoo, Knock


Significance: Onomatopoeia makes the poem more lively.

Assonance

Assonance

Definition: Sounds that sound the same.

Example:
the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain
~The Raven by Edgar Allen Poe~



Significance: Assonance is fun to read.

Alliteration

Alliteration

Definition: When consecutive words in a poem starts with the same letter.

Example:
Camels can't cook.
Women won't wait.



Significance: Alliteration is fun to read, it can be a tongue twister, too.

Meter

Meter

Definition: A pattern of stressed and unstressed that creates a rhythm ( measure as foot)

Example:
v / v / v / v / v /
A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse.
~Richard III by William Shakespeare~


Significance: Meter can make a poem sound more like a song by giving rhythm.



Sunday, April 24, 2011

Elegy

Elegy

Definition: A sad poem that express the sorrow or memorial the dead.

Example:
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea, The ploughman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and to me.
~Elegy in Country Churchyard by Thomas Gray~

Significance:To express the sadness for who had died.

Couplets

Couplet
Definition: A pair of lines that rhymes and have the same meter.

Example:
Tomorrow's my birthday and I'll be four
And I won't have to stay home anymore.
~Tomorrow's My Birthday~


Significance: Couplets are easy to read.

Rhyme

Rhyme

Definition: The last syllable of each sentence which have the same sound.

Example:
We are the crowd, we're c-comin' out
Got my flash on, it's true
Need that picture of you
It so magical, we'd be so fantastical

Leather and jeans, garage glamorous
Not sure what it means
But this photo of us, it don't have a price
Ready for those flashing light
'Cause you know that baby, I
~Paparazzi(song) by Stefani Joanne Anglina Germanotta~

Significance: Rhyme makes reading poems fun.

Saturday, April 23, 2011

Rhythm

Rhythm

Definition: The beat of the poem.


Example:

Some one

Some one came knocking
At my wee, small door;
Some one came knocking,
I'm sure - sure - sure;
I listened, I opened,
I looked to left and right,
But naught there was a-stirring
In the still dark night;
Only the busy beetle
Tap-tapping in the wall,
Only from the forest
The screech-owl's call,
Only the cricket whistling
While the dewdrops fall,
So I know not who came knocking,
At all, at all, at all.
~by Walter de la Mare~


Significance: Reading a poem with rhythm can be fun, rhythm helps the poem flows smooth.



Personification

Personification

Definition: To use a human characteristic/ action to describe an animal or object.

Example: When she was cold, my jacket hugged her through the night.


Significance: Personification can make the poem more interesting and fun to read.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Speaker

Speaker

Definition: A person that is reading a poem.

Example: A speaker needs to know where to pause when reading a poem with punctuations.



Significance: A speaker can bring a poem to live by reading it with different tones. It is important for speakers to pause when necessary when reading out loud.

Tuesday, April 19, 2011

Tone


Tone

Definition: The way that a poem sounds like when reading aloud.

Example:
The Pasture
I'm going out to clean the pasture spring;         (light, informing tone)
I'll only stop to rake the leaves away ("only" tone - reservation)
(And wait to watch the water clear, I may): (supplementary, possibility)
I sha'n't be gone long. -- You come too. (free tone, assuring) (after thought, inviting) "Rather well for me" --

I'm going out to fetch the little calf (Similar, free, persuasive, assuring
That's standing by the mother. It's so young, (and inviting tones in second stanza)

It totters when she licks it with her tongue.
I sha'n't be gone long. -- You come too.
by Robert Frost


Significance: Tone makes a poem livelier by bringing feelings, emotions to the poem.

Interpretation

Interpretation
Definition: to explain the meaning of another person's artwork or creative work

Example:

''Twas once in the saddle I used to go dashing,
'Twas once in the saddle I used to go gay,
But I first took to drinking and then to card-playing,
Got shot in the body and I'm dying today."
The Dying Cowboy - Traditional American Poem


This stanza talks about the cowboy rude and illegal actions that made him got shot.


Significance: Interpret a poem can help the reader understand what the poem is about more.


Sunday, April 17, 2011

Simile

Simile

Definition: A figure of speech that use like or as to compare two things.

Example: She is beautiful and dangerous just like every rose has its thorn.



Significance: Simile can help the writer describe something in a way that makes the readers more interested.

Extended Metaphor

Extended Metaphor

Definition: A type of metaphor is a continuous metaphor that goes on until the sentence/paragraph ends.

Example:
  • "Hope is the thing with feathers
    That perches in the soul,
    And sings the tune--without the words,
    And never stops at all,

    "And sweetest in the gale is heard;
    And sore must be the storm
    That could abash the little bird
    That kept so many warm.

    "I've heard it in the chillest land,
    And on the strangest sea;
    Yet, never, in extremity,
    It asked a crumb of me."
    ~by Emily Dickinson~

Significance: Extended Metaphor makes the poem more interesting and also help the writer express more of what they are trying to say than metaphor.

Metaphor

Metaphor

Definition: A figure of speech that compares things as something else without using like...

Example: My neighbor is a motor engine when he snores.


Significance: Using metaphor in a poem can help emphasize a person/ object and readers can know what the writer is trying to say more.

Wednesday, April 13, 2011

Stanza

Stanza

Definition: A paragraph in a poem

Example:
Oh! say can you see, by the dawn's early light,
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming;
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?
And the rocket
's red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there; <----Stanza 1
Oh, say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
What is that which the breeze o'er the towering steep
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the
gleam of the morning's first beam; <---Stanza 2
Its full glory reflected now shines on the stream;
'Tis the star-spangled banner! Oh! long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!

~The Star Spangled Banner by Francis Scott Key~

Significance: Helps separate ideas.

Imagery

IMAGERY

Definition: The sights, smells, tastes, sounds, feelings from your imagination that you think of when reading a poem.
Example:
In jungles tumescent, through villages
of straw, by the Mekong where catfish
sleep in mud-heaven, we tramped,
disarming mines and flushing tunnels,
killing women and children
for potential collaboration,
smoking Thai-stick until stuporous—
still, the sound of Charlie
played on every frond.
~At the Vietnam War Memorial by Craig Erick Chaffin~

(See: Jungles, villages, Mekong, catfish, disarming mines, tunnels...
Smell: River, Smoking, mud...
Hear: Screaming, guns...
Taste: danger?
Feel: The water, guns, the trees,...)


Significance:
Imagery can help reader visualize what is going on in the poem, what the author been through. They can also understand what is going on better.

Sunday, April 10, 2011

Poetry Introduction

POETRY

Definition: A type of literature that can express feelings, ideas in written or spoken form. It use rhyming, patterns, and descriptive words to either create a mood, music, or an image to the reader.

Example:
And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sitting
On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;
And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming.
And the lamplight o'er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;
And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor
Shall be lifted---nevermore!

~The Raven by Edgar Allen Poe~

Significance:
Poetry is an art that helps people to be creative, writers can express their feelings, and readers can predict what's the writer is feeling. It is a way of communication, through words, music, and creativity.